Since you have only provided the Article number and date, I will provide a general explanation of Article 131 of the Constitution of India. A specific case summary requires details of a particular dispute brought under this article.

Short Summary

Article 131 of the Constitution of India defines the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction in disputes between the Government of India and one or more States, or between States themselves. This jurisdiction is exclusive, meaning that only the Supreme Court can hear such cases in the first instance. The article aims to provide a forum for resolving disputes of a legal nature that affect the federal structure of the country.

Facts

Article 131 is a constitutional provision, not a case. Therefore, there are no specific facts in the same way as a typical court case. The "facts" are the circumstances that trigger its application: a dispute arising between the Government of India and one or more States, or between States themselves. The dispute must involve a question of law or fact on which the existence or extent of a legal right depends.

Issues

The primary issue addressed by Article 131 is determining whether a particular dispute falls within the Supreme Court's exclusive original jurisdiction. This involves deciding:

• Whether the dispute is truly between the specified parties (Government of India and States, or States inter se).
• Whether the dispute involves a question of law or fact concerning a legal right.
• Whether the dispute is excluded by the proviso to Article 131 (matters arising out of any treaty, agreement, covenant, engagement, sanad, or other similar instrument).

Petitioner's Arguments

In a hypothetical case under Article 131, the petitioner (typically a State government) would argue that a dispute exists with the Union government or another State, that the dispute involves a substantial question of law or fact related to a legal right, and that the proviso to Article 131 does not apply. They would emphasize the federal nature of the dispute and the need for the Supreme Court's intervention to protect their constitutional rights.

Respondent's Arguments

The respondent (typically the Union government or another State) would argue that no genuine dispute exists, or that the dispute is not of a legal nature, or that the proviso to Article 131 applies, thereby ousting the Supreme Court's jurisdiction. They might argue that the matter is purely political or administrative and does not involve a legal right.

Court's Reasoning

The Supreme Court, in cases brought under Article 131, examines the nature of the dispute to determine if it falls within the article's scope. The Court interprets the terms "dispute," "legal right," and the proviso restrictively, ensuring that only disputes that genuinely affect the federal balance are entertained. The Court looks at the substance of the dispute, not merely the form in which it is presented.

Conclusion

Article 131 establishes the Supreme Court as the arbiter of disputes between the Union and the States, and between the States themselves, safeguarding the federal structure of India. The Court's decision in a case brought under Article 131 will determine whether it has jurisdiction to hear the case and, if so, will resolve the legal dispute between the parties.